Morphine decreases Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Vet's

Statistical Application Analysis of News Article 
Mental health research involving warfare indicates increases with stress; anxiety, depression, and the deployed troops suffer with PTSD. The psychological effects of warfare differ greatly on families of military personnel. According to the Washington Post reporter Linda Johnson, “about 53,000 troops returning from Iraq and Afghanistan have been treated for PTSD” (2010). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition the effecting military personnel, and the trauma suffered as a result of injury or traumatic events. The article titled, “ Study: Fast morphine treatment may prevent PTSD” by Johnson describes how Morphine reduces the effect of PTSD after injury (2010). The second study in the article found that wives of deployed husbands are more likely to suffer depression, and sleep disorders. Both studies are evaluated for statistical procedures, findings, and conclusions. 
Study 1 Findings of PTSD 
A study conducted by the U.S. Naval Health Research Center, that fast pain treatment with Morphine reduced the number of troops suffering from PTSD. The study involved troops from 2004-2006. The troops initially treated at medical facilities in Iraq for injuries from roadside bombing, bullets, grenades or mortar fire (2010). Some individuals had burns; hurt in crashes, or falls and the physician decided based on the patients’ condition to treat the patients with Morphine (2010). Of the 696 troops in the study the majority of 493 (70.8%of the 696 participants) received Morphine within the first hour after the injury. The research identified 147 (29.8% of the 493 that received Morphine, 21.1% of the 696 total number of participants) developed PTSD. Of the 203 (47.2% of 203, 29% of the 696) not given Morphine 96 developed PTSD. 
Statistical Studies PTSD 
The article does not specify where the data was obtained. The theory, easing severe pain reduces the psychological effects suffered from the trauma. The hypothesis is that Morphine given within the first hour of injury reduces the probability of having PTSD later. The injured troops requiring emergent care are the population. The duration of the study was 2004-2006. The outcome variable was a diagnosis made of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The mechanism analyzed was the use of morphine after injury. The analysis compares those treated with morphine, and those that were not treated with Morphine in relation to the diagnoses of PTSD later. After researching appropriate testing methods for observational cohort studies has a linear link, measuring the coefficient correlation. With observational studies, confidence intervals are a value to measure the effect of the outcome. 
Appropriateness of the Findings and the Conclusion PTSD 
After researching test methods for observational studies, the test methods assumed are the appropriate use for the study design. Results comparison of the outcome in the study and control group effectively demonstrates Morphine decreases the risk of PTSD. The results indicate a strong significance, clinically, and statistically. Without having further explanation the differences between the study and the control group that may affect the results is unknown. The article suggests the need for conducting more studies to support the findings. The article reflects the need for further evaluation to consider adopting the use of Morphine as a proactive measure to stave off possibly having PTSD. The study was unclear about fast pain relief, or something specific to the medication itself made the difference regarding the results. The study concludes use of Morphine during trauma care reduces the risk of PTSD development by 53%. 
Findings 2 Wives 
A research study out of the University of North Carolina found that Army wives of deployed husbands suffer at varying rates of depression, sleep disorders, and anxiety depending on the length of deployment and number of deployments (2010). For up to 11 months were 18% and 20% more likely to have sleep disorder acute stress and anxiety (2010). For spouses deployed more than 11 months were 24%, and 40% respectively (2010). From 2003-2006 researchers reviewed medical records of 250,000 wives (2010). Influencing factors are the length of deployment, and multiple deployments. 
Statistical Study Wives 
Outpatient medical records are the source of data abstracted of wives with deployed husbands. The outcome variable was the percentages of mental health diagnoses for up to eleven months, over 11 months, and military wives that have husbands home. The mechanism analyzed is the increased stress among military family members before, during, and after deployment. Analysis compares between deployment and mental health diagnoses among wives of active-duty U.S. Army soldiers. Observational cohort studies with linear link studies with confidence intervals are a value to measure the effect of the outcome. Estimated outcomes with ratios from 1-11 months, more than 11 months, compared with no deployment. The large sample size needs the use of a confidence interval, rather than P values. Deployment of spouses and length of deployment and association of mental health diagnosis were compared to wives of husbands not deployed, deployed for up to 11 months, and deployment for spouses over 11 months. 
Appropriateness of the Findings and the Conclusion 
After researching test methods for observational studies the test methods assumed are appropriate for the type of study conducted. Results comparison of the outcome in the study, and control group effectively demonstrates a higher mental health, and sleep disorders in wives of deployed spouses. The longer the deployment period, and number of deployments increases the number of wives with mental health, and sleep issues. The results appear to have strong clinical and statistical significance. Without explanation of the differences with the population parameters, and between the study, and control group the effect is unknown. The articles data showing whether husbands deployed or home for the initial diagnosis. The study concludes that deployment causes the stress, or socioeconomic stressors influenced mental health. 
Conclusion 
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a psychological condition the effecting military personnel, and the trauma suffered because of injury or traumatic events. Though the article did not state the titles of the studies the outcomes clearly identifies that warfare and psychosocial stressor alter quality of life for military members and their families. Morphine lessens the psychological effects of the trauma. The study findings demonstrate the effective use of Morphine. Army wives suffer at moderate and higher rates of psychosocial stressors with length of deployment starting with up to 11 months, and longer, multiple deployments also influence psychological stability as well. These studies appear to match the statistics testing methods, and proper applications of statistical tests for observational study.